LONDON LABOUR AND THE LONDON
POOR
Henry Mayhew
From Volume III, Section II - Street
Musicians

"OLD
SARAH."
One of the most deserving and peculiar of
the street musicians was an old lady who played upon a hurdy-gurdy. She had
been
about the streets of London for upwards of forty years, and being
blind, had had during that period four guides, and worn out
three
instruments. Her cheerfulness, considering her privation and
precarious mode of life, was extraordinary. Her love of truth, and
the
extreme simplicity of her nature, were almost childlike. Like the
generality of blind people, she had a deep sense of religion, and
her
charity for a woman in her station of life was something marvellous;
for, though living on alms, she herself had, I was told, two or three
little
pensioners. When questioned on this subject, she laughed the matter off as a
jest, though I was assured of the truth of the fact.
Her attention to her
guide was most marked. If a cap of tea was given to her after her day's
rounds, she would be sure to turn to the
poor creature who led her about,
and ask, "You comfortable, Liza?" or "Is your tea to your liking,
Liza?"
When conveyed to Mr. Beard's establishment to have
her daguerreotype taken, she for the first time in her life rode in a cab;
and
then her fear at being pulled "back'ards" as she termed it (for she sat
with her back to the horse), was almost painful. She felt about
for
something to lay hold of, and did not appear comfortable until she had a firm
grasp of the pocket. After her alarm had in a mea-
sure subsided, she turned
to her guide and said, "We must put up with those trials, Liza." In a short
time, however, she began
to find the ride pleasant enough. "Very nice, ain't
it Liza?" she said; "but I shouldn't like to ride on them steamboats, they say
they're
shocking dangerous; and as for them railways, I've heard tell
they're dreadful; but these cabs, Liza, is very nice." On the road she
was
continually asking "Liza" where they were,
and wondering at the rapidity at which they travelled. "Ah!" she said,
laughing, "if I
had one of these here cabs, my 'rounds' would soon be over."
Whilst ascending the high flight of stairs that led to the portrait-
rooms,
she laughed at every proposal made to her to rest. "There's twice as many
stairs as these to our church, ain't there, Liza?" she
replied when pressed.
When the portrait was finished she expressed a wish to feel
it.
The following is the history of her life, as she
herself related it, answering to the variety of questions put to her on the
subject: -
"I was born the 4th April, 1786 (it was Good
Friday that year), at a small chandler's shop, facing the White Horse,
Stuart's-rents,
Drury-lane. Father was a hatter, and mother an
artificial-flower maker and feather finisher. When I was but a day old, the
nurse took me
out of the warm bed and carried me to the window, to show some
people how like I was to father. The cold flew to my eyes and I
caught
inflammation in them. Owing to mother being forced to be from home all day at
her work, I was put out to dry-nurse when I was
three weeks old. My eyes
were then very bad, by all accounts, and some neighbours told the woman I was
with, that Turner's cerate
would do them good. She got some and put it on my
eyes, and when poor mother came to suckle me at her dinner-hour, my eyes was
all
'a gore of blood.' From that time I never see afterwards. She did it,
poor woman, for the best; it was no fault of her'n, and I'm
sure I bears her
no malice for it. I stayed at home with mother until I was thirteen, when I was
put to the Blind-school, but I only kept
there nine months; they turned me
out because I was not clever with my hands, and I could not learn to spin or
make sash-lines;
my hands was ocker'd like. I had not been used at home to
do anything for myself - not even to dress myself. Mother was always out
at
her work, so she could not learn me, and no one else would, so that's how it
was I was turned out. I then went hack to my mother,
and kept with her till
her death. I well remember that; I heard her last. When she died I was just
sixteen year old. I was sent
to the Union - 'Pancridge' Union it was - and
father with me (for he was ill at the time). He died too, and left me, in seven
weeks after
mother. When they was both gone, I felt I had lost my only
friends, and that I was all alone in the world and blind. But, take
it
altogether, the world has been very good to me, and I have much to thank
God for and the good woman I am with. I missed mother the
most, she was so
kind to me; there was no one like her; no, not even father. I was kept in the
Union until I was twenty; the parish
paid for my learning the 'cymbal:' God
bless them for it, I say. A poor woman in the workhouse first asked me to learn
music; she
said it would always be a bit of bread for me; I did as she told
me, and I thank her to this day for it. It took me just five months to
learn
the - cymbal, if you please - the hurdy-gurdy ain't it's right name. The first
tune I ever played was 'God save the King,' the
Queen as is now; then
'Harlequin Hamlet,' that took me a long time to get off; it was three weeks
before they put me on a new one.
I then learnt 'Moll Brook;' then I did the
'Turnpike-gate' and 'Patrick's day in the morning:' all of them I learnt in the
Union. I
got a poor man to teach me the 'New-rigged ship' I soon learnt it,
because it was an easy tune. Two-and-forty years ago I played 'The
Gal I
left behind me.' A woman learnt it me; she played my cymbal and I listened, and
so got it. 'Oh, Susannah!' I learnt myself by
hearing it on the horgan. I
always try and listen to a new tune when I am in the street, and get it off if
I can: it's my bread. I waited
to hear one to-day, quite a new one, but I
didn't like it, so I went on. 'Hasten to the Wedding' is my favourite; I played
it years
ago, and play it still. I like 'Where have you been all the night?'
it's a Scotch tune. The woman as persuaded me to learn the cymbal
took me
out of the Union with her; I lived with her, and she led me about the streets.
When she died I took her daughter for my
guide. She walked with me for more
than five-and-twenty year, and she might have been with me to this day, but she
took to drinking
and killed herself with it. She behaved very bad to me at
last, for as soon as we got a few halfpence she used to go into the public
and
spend it all; and many a time I'm sure she's been too tipsy to take me
home. One night I remember she rolled into the road at Ken-
sington, and as
near pulled me with her. We was both locked up in the station-house, for she
couldn't stand for liquor, and I was
obligated to wait till she could lead
me home. It was very cruel of her to treat me so, but, poor creature, she's
gone, and I forgive her
I'm sure. I'd many-guides arter her, but none of
them was honest like Liza is: I don't think she'd rob me of a farden. Would
you, Liza?
Yes, I've my reg'lar rounds, and I've I've kept to 'em for near
upon fifty year. All the children like to hear me coming along, for I
always
plays my cymbal as I goes. At Kentish-town they calls me Mrs.
Tuesday, and at Kensington I'm Mrs. Friday, and so on. At some
places they
likes polkas, but at one house I plays at in Kensington they always ask me for
'Haste to the Wedding.' No, the cymbal isn't
very hard to play; the only
thing is, you must be very particular that the works is covered up, or the
halfpence is apt to drop in. King David,
they say, played on one of those
here instruments. We're very tired by night-time; ain't we, Liza? but when I
gets home the good
woman I lodges with has always a bit of something for me
to eat with my cup of tea. She's a good soul, and keeps me tidy and clean.
I
helps her all I can; when I come in, I carries her a pail of water up-stairs,
and such-like, Many ladies as has known me since they was
children allows me
a trifle. One maiden lady near Brunswick-square has given me sixpence a week
for many a year, and another allows
me eighteenpence a fortnight; so that,
one way and another, I am very comfortable, and I've much to be thankful
for."
It was during one of old Sarah's journeys that an
accident occurred, which ultimately deprived London of the well-known old
hurdy-
gurdy woman. In crossing Seymour-street, she and her guide Liza were
knocked down by a cab, as it suddenly turned a corner. They
were picked up
and placed in the vehicle (the poor guide dead, and Sarah with her limbs
broken), and carried to the University Hospi-
tal. Old Sarah's description
of that ride is more terrible and tragic than I can hope to make out to you.
The poor blind creature
was ignorant of the fate of her guide, she
afterwards told us, and kept begging and praying to Liza to speak to her as the
vehicle
conveyed them to the asylum. She shook her, she said, and intreated
her to say if she was hurt, but not a word was spoken in answer,
and then
she felt how terrible a privation was her blindness; and it was not until they
reached the hospital, and they were lifted from.
the cab, that she knew, as
she heard the people whisper to one another, that her faithful attendant was
dead. In telling us this, the
good old soul forgot her own sufferings for
the time, as she lay with both her legs broken beneath the hooped bed-clothes
of the hospital
bed; and when, after many long weeks, she left the medical
asylum, she was unable to continue her playing on the hurdy-gurdy, her
hand
being now needed for the crutch that was requisite to bear her on her
rounds. The shock, however, had been too much for
the poor old creature's
feeble nature to rally against, and though she continued to hobble round to the
houses of the kind people who had
for years allowed her a few pence per
week, and went limping along musicless through the streets for some months
after she left the
hospital, yet her little remaining strength at length
failed, her, and she took to her bed in a room in Bell-court, Gray's-inn-lane,
never to
rise from it again.